Korean Shamanism Gut and Rituals of the Spirit World

There may be countless idioms about beauty in languages around the world, but to actually define beauty and how it is expressed by an entire culture is a formidable task. Fortunately for readers, Korean Beauty: Visual Expressions of a Timeless Spirit approaches the subject with an engaging, deeply enriching account of what has long constituted core elements of Korean beauty, from the philosophical and spiritual currents that run through the concept all the way to the artistic practicality of how this is carried out on a daily basis. Uniquely Korean Expressions of Beauty With a mixture of personal stories by someone who has traveled extensively around the country and fascinating insights about an aesthetic heritage developed over thousands of years, long-time Korea commentator and author Robert Koehler takes readers on a memorable trip into a land of breathtaking elegance and refinement that has influenced generation after generation of Koreans and the way they express beauty. As is clearly evident to anyone familiar with the country and its people, this sense of beauty can be generally characterized in terms such as grace, simplicity, rustic charm, and respect for nature. Of course, this ethereal sense of beauty and its functional application to day-to-day living goes far deeper than those broadly defined descriptions. Beauty in Imperfection Today, visitors to Korea will be quick to point out the polished beauty of everyday objects that can be purchased at both souvenir stands and high-end galleries, including bowls and plates, chopsticks and spoons, glassware and ceramics, and jokja (hanging scrolls featuring artwork and/or calligraphy) and sansuhwa (landscape paintings). And yet look below the surface and you will notice a uniquely Korean “artless art,” an ability to make difficult designs appear easy to create and a tendency to value the perfectly imperfect. This is even apparent in the largest of artistic productions, including Korea’s royal edifices like Gyeongbokgung Palace, Buddhist sanctuaries such as Gaesimsa Temple, and the traditional Korean homes (hanok) and their accompanying courtyards (madang) of Bukchon Hanok Village. A Timeless Odyssey of Art and Beauty Embark on a magical journey through the UNESCO World Cultural Heritage Sites of Byeongsanseowon Confucian Academy and Changdeokgung Palace, marvel at age-old ramie weaving techniques in Hansan and the sublime works of Goryeo celadon from a thousand years ago, and indulge in Korea’s distinct palette of “five direction colors” through its obangsaek—no matter where you go within the country, Korea’s rich aesthetic is all around you at every step of the way. Something for EveryoneFrom the Buddhist and Taoist notion that there is great beauty in emptiness, to the extravagant visual appeal of modern hanbok and Korean accessories and boudoir crafts, to the fascinating method behind how Dansaekhwa monochrome paintings are created, Korea has practiced its own way of celebrating beauty for millennia. For those who have already started learning about Korea through its Hallyu-led movies, music, and television shows, Korean Beauty: Visual Expressions of a Timeless Spirit will only galvanize you to further your learning about the country and its profound, one-of-a-kind aesthetic. And for those just starting their odyssey down the road of Korean beauty, this book will inspire you to see more of the awe-inspiring splendor evident in this 5,000-year-old nation by experiencing Korea’s timeless spirit for yourself. About the Author Robert Koehler was born and raised in Long Island, New York, and graduated from Georgetown University’s School of Foreign Service in Washington, D.C. He came to Korea in 1997. From 2006 to 2018, he served as editor-in-chief of SEOUL, a monthly lifestyle and travel magazine. In 2009, he published the more than 400-page English-language guidebook SEOUL, and in 2010, he received the “Foreign Journalist Award for Contributions to Seoul Tourism” at the Seoul International Tourism Fair. He currently works as an English editor at the Korea JoongAng Daily. About the PhotographerLee Jongkeun graduated from Chung-Ang University’s Department of Photography and the graduate school of the same university. He runs a photo and video production company called GuruVisual Co., Ltd., and also teaches advertising photography at his alma mater. He has long been actively engaged in product, architecture, and food photography, and has worked on many familiar advertising campaigns as a photographer. Architecture books that capture his vision include Korea Style, Hanok: The Korean House, and Hanok Today.ContentsIntroduction • 9 1. Korean Aesthetics Standards of the past • 16 Harmony between humans and nature • 16 Rustic simplicity • 26 2. Different Notions of Korean and Western Beauty Realism vs. true spirit • 38 Realistic vs. idealized worlds • 42 Grandeur vs. harmony • 45 3. The Beauty of Emptiness Humanism • 61 Humor • 64 Preserving age-old aesthetic techniques • 69 More globalized tastes • 74 4. Korean Gyubang Crafts The aesthetic of the slow • 82 Making it look simple • 84 Useful but exquisite • 86 Embroidery arts • 94 A magnificent folding screen • 100 A lavish robe • 102 5. Traditional Korean Architecture Harmony with nature • 108 Tying it all together through the madang • 114 Rustic charm • 118 The borrowed landscape • 122 6. Hanbok An outfit steeped in history • 132 The beauty of modesty • 133 Generosity, emptiness, nature • 136 Color contrasts • 139 Fabrics of nature • 142 A modern touch • 145 7. The Visual Arts An idealized world: The Korean landscape painting • 148 Celadon: Beauty in greenish blue • 159 Porcelain (non) perfection: The moon jar • 162 Dansaekhwa: Korean minimalism meets modern art • 165 Korean handicrafts: Form equals function • 170 Folk art: Beauty for the masses • 179 8. Korean Accessories Norigae • 184 Beoseon • 190 Flower shoes • 194 Traditional Korean hats for men • 198 9. The Korean World of Color Obangsaek: The five colors of the cosmos • 208 Korean palaces: A sea of red • 210 Korea’s colorful cuisine • 214 Korean wedding attire • 217 The Korean flag: A nation of harmony • 218 Dancheong • 220 Epilogue • 226

Kultur des koreanischen Schamanismus" bildet den Abschluss der "Korean Culture Series", herausgegeben von der Stiftung International Cultural Foundation, Seoul. Seit 1968 wurden 24 Bände veröffentlicht. Die Stiftung wurde zum Zweck der korrekten Vermittlung koreanischer Kultur im Ausland und der Förderung des internationalen Kulturaustauschs ins Leben gerufen. "Ich hoffe ernsthaft, dass dieses Buch unseren Lesern eine Hilfe dabei ist, ein neues Verständnis für die Kultur des koreanischen Schamanismus zu entwickeln sowie ihr Blickfeld und ihre Urteilsfähigkeit bezüglich der koreanischen Kultur zu erweitern." (Aus dem Vorwort von Shin-yong Chun, dem Vorsitzenden der International Cultural Foundation). Beiträge: Kim, Tae-kon: Definition des koreanischen Schamanismus Hwang, Lucy: Charakter des Schamanismus in Korea Kim, Yol-kyu: Koreanische Mythologie und Musok Suh, Dae-suk: Koreanischer schamanistischer Gesang Lee, Sang-il: Chukje und Nori im Musok Kendall, Laurel: Nicht eine wirkliche Tochter der Geister, aber ... Kim, Yol-kyu / Lee, Sang-il / Hwang, Lucy: Ein Gespräch über Kut und Nori Yoh, Suk-kee: Ein Rückblick auf die letzten 30 Jahre seit der Gründung der International Cultural Foundation

"A moving exploration of how Koreans understand death not as an end, but as a continuation of life."Death as Continuation, Not an EndingIn many cultures, death marks a definitive end. In Korean tradition, however, death is understood as a continuation-a passage within a much larger cycle of life. INSEPARABLE explores this distinctive worldview through Korea’s rituals, beliefs, and emotional practices surrounding death, revealing how the living and the departed remain deeply connected.Accompanying the DepartedRather than approaching death with finality or fear, Korean culture treats it as a transition that must be carefully prepared for, guided, and accompanied. This book introduces readers to traditional funeral rites such as chohon (summoning the spirit), ssitgimgut (purification rituals), banham (placing rice in the deceased’s mouth), kkotsangyeo (flower-adorned biers), and sasipgujae (the forty-ninth-day memorial rites). Each ritual reflects a profound desire to ensure that the departed do not walk alone on their final journey.Consoling the Spirit, Healing the LivingCentral to the Korean view of death is the belief that the soul does not vanish abruptly. It lingers, hesitates, and requires comfort and guidance. Funeral rituals therefore serve a dual purpose: they lead the spirit safely to the afterlife while also consoling those left behind. The wailing cry (goksori), for example, is not merely an expression of grief but a sound believed to illuminate the path for the deceased, preventing them from losing their way. In this sense, mourning becomes an act of care, and sorrow becomes a form of companionship.Where Life Begins and EndsThe book also examines Korea’s unique understanding of life’s origins through the tradition of taemudeom, the placental chamber. By honoring the placenta-the very beginning of life-with burial rites as significant as those for the body, Korean culture reveals a worldview in which birth and death are inseparably linked. Life does not begin solely at birth, nor does it end at death; both exist along an unbroken continuum connecting ancestors and descendants.Rituals of Beauty and DignityBlending shamanistic, Buddhist, and Confucian influences, Korean funeral culture does not seek to hide death but to face it with beauty, dignity, and communal presence. Food, clothing, song, and ceremony are offered to the departed as acts of generosity-much like preparing a loved one for a long journey. These rituals express respect not only for the dead but also for the relationships that persist beyond separation.An Invitation to UnderstandingWritten with empathy and clarity, INSEPARABLE avoids technical abstraction in favor of human stories, poetic reflections, and visual documentation. It welcomes readers unfamiliar with Korean culture, encouraging understanding and emotional resonance rather than detached explanation. In doing so, the book speaks to a universal longing-to believe that parting does not mean disappearance, and that love continues beyond death.Images Bridging the Dreamlike and the RealEach chapter of the book is accompanied by works by visual artist Park Chanho, who has long explored Korea’s ritual traditions and the profound question of death. His photographs carry a dreamlike atmosphere rich in mythic and shamanistic symbolism, while remaining deeply grounded in tangible reality. Placed alongside the literary text, Park’s images visually expand the emotional landscape and ritual sensibilities surrounding death in Korean culture, guiding readers toward deeper reflection.Forever InseparableUltimately, INSEPARABLE invites readers to reconsider death not as an ending, but as an invitation: an invitation to remember, to accompany, and to accept the inevitable with tenderness. Through the Korean perspective, death becomes something that binds the living and the departed together-forever inseparable. Table of ContentsAUTHORS' NOTE: As with life today, May tomorrow's death be a beautiful blessing - 008PART 1: AN INVITATION TO ETERNAL TIMEChohon (Summoning the Deceased's Spirit): Calling the Spirit of the Departed from This World - 014Jeoseung Saja (Grim Reaper): A Guide Who Leads the Way to the Afterlife - 022Ssitgimgut (Purification Ritual): Washing the Spirit of the Dead and Leading It to a Good Place - 030Suui (Shroud): The Last Clothes in This World - 040Goksori (Wailing Cry): A Lament Expressing Deep Grief - 050Taemudeom (Placental Chamber): The Cord That Connects Me to My Ancestors - 060PART 2: JOURNEY TO A PLACE OF NO RETURNBanham (Placing Rice in the Deceased's Mouth): Seed Money for the Afterlife - 072Kkotsangyeo (Flower-Adorned Bier): Walking the Flower Path to a Place Beyond the Sky - 080Pungsujiri & Myotjari (Feng Shui & Grave Sites): Dreaming of Wealth and Honor for Generations to Come - 092Sasipgujae (49th Day Memorial Service): Seven Seven-Day Rites, Wishing for a Better Rebirth - 104Hwansaeng (Reincarnation): Endless Journey from Karma to Karma - 114PART 3: FESTIVAL FOR THE DEPARTED AND THE LIVINGSamiljang (Three-Day Funeral Service): Parting Together, Doing Your Best - 124Sangyeosori (Funeral Procession Song): Epic of Life and Death - 134Jangryenori (Funeral Play): Crying and Laughing, Leaving and Sending - 146Noje (Road Rites): Greetings on the Way Out - 156PART 4: MEMORIES ENGRAVED IN THE MIND AND HEARTSinju (Ancestral Tablet): House of the Spirit of the Dead - 166Samnyeonsang (Three-Year Mourning Period): Returning Grace and Completing Three Years of Mourning - 178Sabugok (Song of a Widow Missing Her Husband): Tragic Love That Transcends Death - 188Bujangpoom (Tomb Furnishings): Connecting Past and Present - 198Gijesa & Charye (Death Anniversary Customs & Ancestral Rites on Holidays): Gathering Every Year to Remember - 206